Most women are familiar with the concept of menopause, but fewer know much about perimenopause—even though this stage can last for several years and cause noticeable changes in your body and mood.

Perimenopause is the transitional time leading up to menopause, when the ovaries begin to slow down estrogen production. It typically begins in your 40s, though it can start earlier, and ends when you’ve gone 12 consecutive months without a menstrual period.

Understanding this phase can help you recognize what’s happening in your body and take steps to manage your health.

Perimenopause WFMC Health

Perimenopause vs. Menopause

It’s important to know the difference between these two terms:

  • Perimenopause: The stage before menopause when hormone levels start to fluctuate. You may still have periods, but they can become irregular or heavier.
  • Menopause: The point when menstruation has completely stopped for 12 months due to a permanent drop in estrogen levels.

Perimenopause can last anywhere from 2 to 10 years, depending on your individual biology.

Common Symptoms of Perimenopause

During perimenopause, your body goes through hormonal changes that can affect many different parts of your overall health. Symptoms may include:

  • Irregular periods (shorter, longer, heavier, or lighter)
  • Hot flashes or night sweats
  • Sleep disturbances
  • Mood swings or increased anxiety
  • Vaginal dryness
  • Decreased libido
  • Difficulty concentrating or “brain fog”

The severity of these symptoms can vary widely, and not every person will experience every symptom.

When to Talk to Your Provider

Some symptoms of perimenopause are expected, but others may indicate a need for medical attention. If you experience symptoms that disrupt your daily life or raise concerns, it’s a good idea to make an appointment. Contact your provider if:

  • Your periods are extremely heavy or prolonged
  • You experience symptoms like heart palpitations or severe mood changes
  • You’re unsure whether your symptoms are related to perimenopause or something else

Your healthcare provider can help you confirm what stage you’re in and discuss treatment options.

Managing Your Health During Perimenopause

You can’t stop perimenopause, but there are ways to support your well-being during this transition period.

  • Stay active with regular physical activity to support bone, heart, and mental health
  • Eat a balanced diet with plenty of calcium and vitamin D
  • Maintain good sleep hygiene to combat fatigue
  • Ask about treatments like hormone therapy or non-hormonal options for symptom relief

Being informed helps you stay proactive about your health!

This article is meant for informational purposes only. If you have questions or would like further information, make an appointment with your primary care provider.

This blog post was first published on WFMCHealth.org.